An ovarian cyst (tumor-like ovarian formation; synonym: tumor-like formation) is an anatomical structure in the form of a rounded, fluid-filled cavity that develops in the ovary. Ovarian cysts may range in size from a few millimeters to several tens of centimeters. Ovarian cysts account for approximately half of all tumor-like ovarian formations. Women of reproductive age are most commonly affected.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Causes<\/p>\n\n\n\n
An ovarian cyst is a multifactorial condition that may develop as a result of a combination of different factors. These include:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
genetic predisposition;<\/p>\n\n\n\n
hormonal imbalance;<\/p>\n\n\n\n
late menopause;<\/p>\n\n\n\n
ovarian dysfunction;<\/p>\n\n\n\n
abortions;<\/p>\n\n\n\n
hypothyroidism;<\/p>\n\n\n\n
diabetes mellitus;<\/p>\n\n\n\n
high-calorie diet;<\/p>\n\n\n\n
recurrent inflammatory diseases of the reproductive organs (adnexitis, endometriosis);<\/p>\n\n\n\n
smoking.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
It should be remembered that ovarian cysts may recur after treatment. Regular gynecological examinations and adherence to the physician\u2019s recommendations are therefore important. There are no specific preventive measures for ovarian cysts.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Symptoms<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Ovarian cysts may cause the following symptoms:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
episodic pain in the middle of the menstrual cycle;<\/p>\n\n\n\n
irregular menstruation;<\/p>\n\n\n\n
pulling abdominal pain and pain during sexual intercourse;<\/p>\n\n\n\n
nausea and false urges to defecate or urinate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Diagnosis<\/p>\n\n\n\n
In addition to taking the patient\u2019s medical history and performing a physical examination, diagnostic evaluation may include:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
gynecological ultrasound;<\/p>\n\n\n\n
abdominal ultrasound;<\/p>\n\n\n\n
tumor marker testing;<\/p>\n\n\n\n
hormonal testing;<\/p>\n\n\n\n
MRI of the abdominal and pelvic organs;<\/p>\n\n\n\n
vaginal examination with microscopic examination of a smear;<\/p>\n\n\n\n
hysteroscopy and separate diagnostic curettage.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Treatment<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Follicular (functional) cysts tend to resolve spontaneously. Persistent or recurrent functional ovarian cysts may require medical treatment.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
The duration of treatment and follow-up observation of functional ovarian cysts should generally not exceed 12 weeks. If no positive changes are observed by the end of this period, surgical treatment may be indicated, with maximum preservation of ovarian tissue whenever possible.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Torsion of an ovarian cyst or rupture of its capsule is an indication for emergency surgery. A follow-up ultrasound examination is performed after surgery.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
If a woman has been diagnosed with an ovarian cyst, pregnancy should be planned only after the type of cystic formation has been established. Pregnancy with an ovarian cyst is possible, but careful medical monitoring throughout pregnancy is recommended.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
An ovarian cyst (tumor-like ovarian formation; synonym: tumor-like formation) is an anatomical structure in the form of a rounded, fluid-filled cavity that develops in the ovary. Ovarian cysts may range in size from a few millimeters to several tens of centimeters. Ovarian cysts account for approximately half of all tumor-like ovarian formations. Women of reproductive […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":0,"menu_order":0,"template":"","class_list":["post-311","disease","type-disease","status-publish","hentry"],"yoast_head":"\n